The latitude and longitude of Ethiopia is 8.3000°N, 39.1167°E
and it is located in the northern hemisphere. Ethiopia is just slightly
above the equator and so it belongs to the Hadley cell. Because it is part of the
northern Hadley cell, it experiences northeast trade winds, meaning that the
wind blows in a northeast to southwest direction.
Ethiopia is located in a Low-pressure belt. It is slightly
above the Intertropical Convergence Zone. Ethiopia is located near the Doldrums
since it is in the Hadley cell. In this area, the winds are light and the area
is general humid, which makes sense since we are talking about the African
continent. Ethiopia also experiences a fair amount of winds due to the fact
that it is in between high and low pressure areas, coming from areas around
South Africa and areas around China, respectively. The winds are moving from
the South African area and China with Ethiopia right in between.
Sources: http://www.atmos.umd.edu/
http://tle.westone.wa.gov.au/
Ethiopia does have mountains; in fact the capital city of
Addis Ababa experiences cool weather contrary to the belief that all African
countries are humid, due to the fact that it is at a high elevation. Five winds
or breezes associated with mountains include eddies, mountain breeze, valley
breeze, katabatic winds, and Chinook (Foehn) winds. Eddies occur where wind
must pass through an obstacle, in this case mountains. Therefore, Ethiopia
experiences eddies. Mountainous areas like Addis Ababa experience mountain and
valley breezes just because of the fact that they are mountainous areas.
However I do not think that Ethiopia experiences katabatic winds because the
wind does not get so cold as to form an ice sheet.
Ethiopia is a landlocked country so it does not have a
coastline, however, is it a good distance from the Red and Arabian Seas, only
being blocked by Djibouti, Eritrea, and Somalia. The land and sea breezes are
associated with coastlines. Ethiopia experiences land and sea breezes, however not
evenly because it is a landlocked country. However, it is within a reasonable
distance from large bodies of water to experience these winds at certain parts
of the country.
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